Analysis of Shooting and Elephant by George Orwell and Letter From Birmingham Jail by Martin Luther King Free Essay Example, 1000 words

A court order is issued forbidding demonstrations, but Luther still believes that only through the demonstrations that the rights of the minority group could be respected. The dilemma he encounters involves whether to follow his conscious thought and lobby for the rights of humanity through demonstrations or follow the negotiation forum; which he believes would not bear fruits. The former would break the law while the latter is acting within the provisions of the law. He decides to break the law, for the first time, in order to protect the rights of the minority. Amid criticisms by religious leaders, he responds to their letters in jail trying to justify the protests as the only way of having the grievances heard. Comparing the two narrations, George Orwell made the right decision. Killing the elephant demonstrated his respect for human life and adoration of the natives. If the animal was not killed, it would continue with the damages and would even kill more people of Burma. Some European administrators argued that the life of the elephant was more valuable than the life of the native who was killed by the animal. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Shooting and Elephant by George Orwell and Letter From Birmingham Jail by Martin Luther King or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Going by the natural law, human life is more valuable than animal life. It would also not be right to allow the animal to continue killing people because of its monetary value. The decision to kill the elephant was a good way of demonstrating to the oppressive European administrators that human life is equal by all means. However, if the elephant belonged to a European, the decision would be tougher for the narrator. The only alternative that he has of not killing the animal would be disastrous to the people if implemented because the elephant would continue causing more harm in the society. On the other hand, the decision made by Martin Luther King in â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† was not right as far as the respect for human life is concerned. Unlike George Orwell’s alternative that would lead to loss of human life, the only alternative that Luther had would only delay justice but not deny it. Luther failed to consider the loss es associated with protests and demonstrations. In serious protests, people would be killed by the white administrators and property destroyed. At the same time, protesting is not a guarantee of justice. Even after the protests, the administrators may remain adamant and fail to heed to the grievances. Luther may have been influenced by the black Americans to protest since they were tired of negotiations. However, the protests were not a justification for the end of discrimination.

Congressional Gridlock And The American Government

Congressional gridlock has been around for centuries in Congress and does not seem to be changing anytime soon. Congressional gridlock refers to the inaction of the government and failure to make a decision or legislative law that satisfy the needs of the people. This inaction of the government and stagnation occurs when two parties cannot agree on a single matter, and they cannot come to a good agreement on how or when the law is going to be passed, thus leaving complex problems in the nation unhandled. Congressional gridlock does not just come and take over the government on its own, though. It is evident that congressional gridlock is a major problem in the American government that needs to be addressed because there are so many root causes that the government fails to fix including gerrymandering and a lack of â€Å"bridge-builders.† Solutions to these causes that have yet to be made include improving the system of checks and balances and reducing representative dynamics and some of the nation’s most pressing problems that should not even be examples of congressional gridlock include climate change and the gun laws issue. There are many causes to congressional gridlock including gerrymandering, our complex government structure, representative dynamics, a lack of â€Å"bridge-builders,† and the presence of Republican majority. One of the reasons for congressional gridlock is gerrymandering. Gerrymandering is manipulating the boundaries to favor one’s party or class.Show MoreRelatedCause Of Congressional Gridlocks852 Words   |  4 PagesCongressional gridlock is not a modern invention in the world of politics. Alexander Hamilton use to complain about the deadlock â€Å"flaw† in the design of Congress. In politics, â€Å"Congressional gridlock† is a situation in Congress where there are complications in passing laws for the people. Gridlock could be prevented if we had a democracy for the majority and unified. While many view this as frustrating, gridlocks are starting to become a political norm. This leads to a divided government. CongressionalRead MoreThe American Governme nt861 Words   |  4 Pagesbenefits they desire which results on the Government not fully benefiting their needs. The American government supports all citizens, but does not grant individuals their total human rights that they fully deserve. Individuals have the right to be supported by the government especially the one with a low income,troubled families, and struggling individuals. Although the government satisfies the needs of its people to certain extent, it only occurs when the government is involved due to self-interest. TheRead MoreThe Federal Government Of The United States Congress956 Words   |  4 Pagescomposes the Legislative Branch of the federal government of the United States. Congress is supposed to be extremely effective at enacting legislation dealing with major national issues, both at the domestic level and the foreign level. However, in recent years, members of Congress with differing views have not been able to find middle ground and enact much-needed legisl ation, although they often did in the past. This inaction, or congressional gridlock, has existed for a while but has become an extremelyRead MoreThe Battle Of The Civil War1498 Words   |  6 PagesIt was a group of radical Republicans and southern Democrats in 1865 that set the tone for one of the most infamous and earlier gridlock stories in Congress. After the assignation of Abraham Lincoln, Andrew Johnson became president and the dispute incurred over how to fix the country. The Civil War had left the country with insurmountable damage and Congress could not agree on how to rectify the situation. Northern Republicans wanted to open voting rights to former slaves, which is exactly whatRead MoreThe Incarceration Of Prison Policy1418 Words   |  6 PagesIn most involvement on prison overcrowding policy congressional action is close to absent, states are in charge of the legislation, but at times courts have intervened due to prison conditions. Gridlock is seen as a huge factor in policy outcomes. Congressional gridlock could be a factor; congressional gridlock can be looked at as important issues on their agenda that are left unspoken past the close of Congress. Other scholars think of gridlock as the lack of change in policy from the status quoRead MoreDemocrats and Republicans in the US Congress are as ideologically consistent and distinct as they1500 Words   |  6 Pagesdimensions in American politics, Democrats have become more liberal and Republicans have become more conservative and independents are also leaning towards sides now a days. In fact, I believe that political polarization in congress was at an all-time high the past year. Party polarization has been increasing since the 1970’s and I believe it will not slow down any time soon, despite a period of depolarization period in the mid-20th century (Theriault). The fact is that congressional members of theRead MoreAmerica Must Be A Civil War Against Our Democratic Government864 Words   |  4 Pagesthe social, and political issues facing our society, I agree with his statement. I believe that there would be a civil war against our democratic government. The government members take advantage of their power in some situations. Some concepts should be altered.Most people are starting to notice the unfairness and somewhat â€Å"corrupt† actions government takes. The process as to vote for laws or presidents in this country and others are not the most thoughtful and reasonable procedures. For exampleRead MoreAmerican Politics And The United States Congress Essay952 Words   |  4 PagesOver the last several decades, American politics scholars have sought to understand the causes of increasing partisanship and polarization in the United States Congress. Since the 1970s, the ideological positions of the two major U.S. parties, the Democratic and Republican parties, have widened (Abramowitz and Saunders, 2008; Levendusky; 2010). This ideological divide also promotes a perception among the American public that Congress has increasingly become ineffective and polarized to a pointRead MorePresidential Power : Presidential Powers985 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout the 20th and 21st centuries, presidential powers have been a massive controversy on whether the powers are expanding in the nation’s best interest or if the President is accumulating too much power in the government. In Christina Lyons article, Presidential Power, she develops a historical scope of past presidential powers, ranging from Reagan to Obama. Also, Lyons discusses the many issues arising of whether the President is in need of constrictions and restrictions on the executive powersRead MoreLegislative Gridlock Essay2401 Words   |  10 Pagesâ€Å"Legislative Gridlock† Jefferson states that a â€Å"government is best which governs least,† but what affect does government inaction have of on our society, and what are the forces that promote this inaction? The competition for power between separated institutions is a driving force in this inaction. When the legislative and executive branches of our government engage in a power struggle, policies that could be potentially beneficial suffer at the hands of legislative gridlock. The polarization

Aspects of Psychology in Flannery Free Essays

Psychology has been a part of literature since the beginning of its existence. Its references in the Bible which affirm that mankind is separated from the animal kingdom and also show us the normal pattern to lead an effective and rewarding Christian life are parts of psychology in the foundation of life’s meaning. We see these writings as truth as we have them instilled within us at an early age when attending church and reading the bible. We will write a custom essay sample on Aspects of Psychology in Flannery or any similar topic only for you Order Now Psychology works the same way in every type of material one reads. One is subject to psychology and the part it plays in each of the short stories, novels or poems one reads. However one may have not be fully aware of how it affects our perception of the material. It is what keeps us interested in the story. The psychological appeal that comes with certain styles of writing and peaks the interest of the reader who is waiting to see the conclusion. As Thomas Kellogg states, â€Å"for the act of writing exemplifies to me the very essence of what it means to be human. Psychology is represented in each writing by the relationships that are created teens the authors and its readers. In Flannels O’Connor â€Å"Good Country People† her cognitive approach is easily understood, â€Å"cognitive psychology differs from other models in that it focuses on the human cognitive activity of structuring and interpreting one’s world. † In this story we relate because we see Helga who believes in nothing and has seen what she believes to be evil since losing her leg. Her mind is so engrossed in negativity that she cannot get past the past. When she finally does she is left in the barn thinking to herself that she was right all along. We also see the DOD as her mother still believes in the bible and its meaning. She sees almost everyone as â€Å"good country people† or â€Å"the salt of the earth. † O’Connor uses a written psychological approach in the names of the characters. Mrs.. Freeman who works at the farm is a gossip who freely repeats the stories she is told. Mrs.. Hopeful is theoretically a hopeful and positive person who is always accepting of people, the story suggests it is because she is a Catholic. The phrases of â€Å"Everybody is different† and â€Å"It takes all kinds to make the world† implies that she accepts and likes all kinds f people. When she says â€Å"people who looked on the bright side of things would be beautiful even if they were not† shows her positive side of thinking. Manley Pointer is just that, a man in a story with all female characters. His Manley ways seduce the immature Helga who loses herself because of a need for the affection she is lacking. â€Å"Brewer’s ‘structural affect theory was the first model in discourse psychology that seriously attempted to integrate plot, agency, and emotions† into literature. This story has done Just that by having smaller parts that lead to the suspenseful end where Manley takes her artificial leg and leave’s her stranded or even the quick reference where Helga thinks he may have stood her up. That is what keeps each reader interested in the plot and makes one want to know the outcome. â€Å"The psychology of literature is therefore unique in its treatment of psychological matters because words are used to express and communicate information. † â€Å"Furthermore, writers are like psychologists in being interested in the mind, emotions and behavior. † In cautiously picking each word of the story they convey a message. In this story Mrs.. Hopeful describes her feelings for the new name of Helga for her daughter Joy. She thought â€Å"broad blank hull of a battleship,† it angered her so much that she refused to call her anything but Joy. â€Å"In the study of human nature, literature, a product of our evolved human brains, is a bountiful source of data on human desires and dispositions, drawing attention to what is really important in our lives. † This is shown in the way Helga both longs for a companion but is also a bit weary at the same time. Or how the mother is portrayed as a Christian, but cannot be proud of her daughter and the degree she received from college. When reading this story one can relate to he loneliness, happiness, lack of confidence masked by anger and utter disappointment felt by its characters. It is a truly outstanding story that shows the dynamic between the mother and her daughters, Helga and her mother, Helga and Manley as well as the mother and Mrs.. Freeman. Theses inner intricate stories can easily relate to everyday people and the trials and tribulations of society. How to cite Aspects of Psychology in Flannery, Papers

Calvinism And Religious Wars Essay Example For Students

Calvinism And Religious Wars Essay This book is about pretty much the beginning of Calvinism and how it played amajor role in the reforming of mid to late fifteenth century Europe. FranklinCharles Palm tries to exam the role in which John Calvin used his love for thesacred scriptures and religion to reform the way he lived, and the rest of theworld. Concentrating mostly on Europe at that time period. Palm breaks down thelife of Calvin at first, and then as he proceeds through this book he leads upto actual formation of the religion. And ultimately then how this newly formedreligion affected or may off even caused some of the religious war. Iunfortunately could not find any info on Franklin Charles Palm, though I evenhad one the librarians look for me to. I feel that Franklin Charles Palm wasreally not trying to answer any certain question while he was attempting towrite this informative novel at all. In fact I think that his true purpose forwriting this was to give an accurate account of what role Calvinism played int hat time period, because from what I can understand he did not feel that therewas enough information readily available. His work in my own opinion is veryrelevant to the study of history, and he has added another great resource to thereference area for history in any library. I feel that his work does not offerany resonably new information for students to learn, but it may present aneasier way of learning for those who are tired of reading the same old referencebooks. This book does though coincide with most of the notes that we have takenduring class periods. This helps out greatly when writing papers and reviews foressays and reports. Palm starts the novel out by explaining the early the earlylife of John Calvin and explains his life with his family. It talks about hisfather Gerad Calvin and his working as the secretary for the bishop of Nylon andas the fiscal agent for his district in England. It states how this made itpossible for Calvin to meet some very influential people in h is early life andmade it possible for him to start to develop ideas about religion and otherpolitical views early on in life. When Calvin was at the age of entering collegeit made it hard for him to do so with the death of his father, and his motherhaving to support six children in the family. His father was able to set asidesome money before he passed on for Calvin which in turn allowed him to attendthe College at Montiaigu, at Paris for four years. This is where John developeda love for the bible and a tremendous understanding for the scriptures, whichwould in turn play a major role in his ideas for changing and for his reformingof the Catholic Church. After discussing Calvins early life Palm went on totalk about the Roman Catholic Church and how they developed a keen sense ofhated for Calvin. It stated what they were going to do with his writings and howthey were going to go about dealing with him. Which evidently lead to Calvinsexile from the country. Some of Calvins works, cite d the problems that prettymuch most of the reformers saw wrong with the church. Such as, the sale ofindulgences which Luther and Erasmus displayed ever so prominently in theirattempts for reform. Gradually the book moves on to the more important issues ofthe book. Certain things like the Religious wars. Also it talks about thingslike his oppositions and the struggles he faced with Greut, Servetus, and histriumph over all of them. It shows the certain economic importance this newreligion played in France at the time and the political and intellectualimportance of the new religion of Calvinism. When the religious wars broke outin France and Francis the 1st proclaimed his development of absolutism it showshow Calvinism was one of the major elements opposed to it. Once that Calvinismwas starting to take hold it displayed the spread of it throughout most ofEastern Europe. Like when it started in Italy and Spain, and began to work itsway through Western Germany. Once the religion hit thos e sections it began itsspread throughout the vast regions of Western Europe too. Last but not least itexplains The Spread of Calvinism into the new world with the Huguenots, thePilgrims, and the Puritans. If there was any case that Franklin Charles Palm wastrying to prove in this book; it was the fact that Calvinism was an importantpart in the reform of the way people would eventually go about their religions. .u183e2fa89deb83188f5c03889d5e0c32 , .u183e2fa89deb83188f5c03889d5e0c32 .postImageUrl , .u183e2fa89deb83188f5c03889d5e0c32 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u183e2fa89deb83188f5c03889d5e0c32 , .u183e2fa89deb83188f5c03889d5e0c32:hover , .u183e2fa89deb83188f5c03889d5e0c32:visited , .u183e2fa89deb83188f5c03889d5e0c32:active { border:0!important; } .u183e2fa89deb83188f5c03889d5e0c32 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u183e2fa89deb83188f5c03889d5e0c32 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u183e2fa89deb83188f5c03889d5e0c32:active , .u183e2fa89deb83188f5c03889d5e0c32:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u183e2fa89deb83188f5c03889d5e0c32 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u183e2fa89deb83188f5c03889d5e0c32 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u183e2fa89deb83188f5c03889d5e0c32 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u183e2fa89deb83188f5c03889d5e0c32 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u183e2fa89deb83188f5c03889d5e0c32:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u183e2fa89deb83188f5c03889d5e0c32 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u183e2fa89deb83188f5c03889d5e0c32 .u183e2fa89deb83188f5c03889d5e0c32-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u183e2fa89deb83188f5c03889d5e0c32:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Paths of Yoga Essay We will write a custom essay on Calvinism And Religious Wars specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Also providing us a look into the future at the reform of the Roman CatholicChurch. In my opinion he did not really display a major argument with anythingthing in the text, but it was more or less an informative piece based aboutCalvinism. If in deed you go with that argument then I guess you could say thathe indeed did provide excellent information and plenty of back round informationto prove his point. I was convinced buy his argument because of the fact that Iknew only what I had learned through out my studies in school and that this wasreally the first time someone went into any kind of in depth study of thesituation. So in a way I was over whelmed with the amount off info and theresources he used to discuss it. His resources included some valuable works ofhistory; like the Encyclopedia Britanica. It was quite confusing when I firstread the bibliography. He mentions that for a good basis on writing something onthis topic you should begin with certain books that he started off wit h. Hestates that there was few books written on this topic and it may be tough forsomeone without the knowledge of the subject to even begin to write on thesessituations. Now for the part I have been waiting for, the time I get to give myopinion of the book. Well let me start of by saying that I personally thoughtthat it was going to be a very boring book but I was indeed surprised afterreading it. I have always thought to consider myself a sort off history buff soI can see why in turn did enjoy learning about Calvins subject matter. I amquite able to say now that I would probably consider reading other works ofFranklin Charles Palm or just books on some of the same subject matter. I wouldrecommend this book to anyone who has an interest for these subjects, or justplan flat out needs to do a report on this topic. BibliographyTitle ? Calvinism and the Religious Wars Place of Publication ? New York,1971 Publisher ? Howard Fertig, Inc.

What is Culture Persuasive Essay Example For Students

What is Culture? Persuasive Essay 1. Introduction Culture, the most essential part of every human being, has been handed down for generations on from our predecessors. It differs from nation to nation, state to state, people to people. Human behaviour can be accounted for by the difference in their culture. As such, for the globalised economy of today, it is crucial to understand the concept of culture for conducting business. This report will attempt to define the concept of culture, major disparities in it and the effect of it on the conduct of business. 2. What is Culture? Culture defines the way humans act. According to Geertz, (cited in Trompenaars F. Hampden-Turner C. , 1997) culture is the means by which humans have evolved their knowledge of life and have sought guidance for their actions. As stated by Trompenaars Hampden-Turner, culture can be divided into three distinct layers: the outer layer, the middle layer and the core. The outer layer consists of explicit products. It is the tangible items, such as food, buildings, houses, shrines, markets, and the intangible ones, like the language, preference, fashion, taste, of a culture (Trompenaars F. Hampden-Turner C. We will write a custom essay on What is Culture? Persuasive specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now , 1997). The middle layer consists of customs and ethics that determine human action. Trompenaars Hampden-Turner refer to this layer consisting of norms, which is the reciprocal sense of a group of people that enables them to decide between right and wrong, and values, which relates to the principles shared by a group concerning what is good and what is bad. The core is the origin of peoples culture that has defined the way humans act. Trompenaars Hampden-Turner defines it as the effect on human perspective due to the physical environment a person was brought up in. These form the basic assumptions of life and may include why we exist and why we do what we do. 3. The Concept of Individualism and Collectivism In order to understand the effects of culture on the conduct of business we need to look at the cultural variations among different people. Cultural differences can be explained by looking at Hofstedes (cited in Samovar and Koester, 1999) two dimensions of culture the individualist and the collectivist. 3. 1. Individualism According to Samovar and Porter, in individualistic culture individual is the most important unit in any social setting, independence rather than dependence is stressed, individual achievement is rewarded. According to Hofstedes finding, the United States, Australia, Great Britain, Canada and New Zealand incline to be individualism and Goleman states that, people in individualism cultures prioritize personal goals more than groups goals. 3. 2. Collectivism Collectivist cultures are somewhat opposite of individualistic cultures, they tend to be more close with others people around them. According to Samovar and Porter, people in collectivist cultures greater emphasis on the views, goals and needs of others rather than oneself. They tend to rely on a group for decision-making and prefer to be a part of the same association. Example of some collectivistic cultures is Pakistan, Colombia, Taiwan, Venezuela and Peru. 4. Effect of culture on the business context With the business becoming globalized, the effect of culture on business has become widespread. Will see how the effects of collectivistic and individualistic culture on business. 4. 1. Business contract The meaning of a contract may vary with variations in culture. According to Lustig and Koester (1999) individualistic cultures may find a contract legally binding if not completed as stated whereas in places like China, where they are more collectivistic in nature, a contract is regarded as binding only if the conditions of the contract remain same, it is more like a formality and outline 4. 2. Business deal The effects of culture can be clearly seen in business negotiation with individualistic cultures being more straight forward than there counterparts. .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4 , .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4 .postImageUrl , .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4 , .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4:hover , .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4:visited , .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4:active { border:0!important; } .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4:active , .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4 .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Legalize Marijuana EssayLustig and Koester points out that individualistic culture have a tendency of getting down to business rather than socialize and form ties like the collectivistic cultures. In Africa, China and other collectivistic cultures friendship is valued more than business and a frustworthy relationship is formed. However, it has been seen that Germans, Scandavians and French, all individualistic cultures fend more to set out the deal and conclude the business first. 4. 3. Gender Expectation In most of Collectivism countries, even the men and women are the same, but the women are still considered below men. Thus, it is rarely found that there are women who are leaders. But it seems that this condition is slowly vanished. Megawati Soekarno Putri, the President of Indonesia and Sadako Ogata from Japan is one of the proofs that this culture is slowly replaced (Lustig and Koester, 1999). On the other hand, gender is not a big issue in the individualism countries where women have the same position as men. In America, England, Australia women is common to be a leader. 5. Conclusion In conclusion, the effects on the business context is evident with differences in culture. It is important therefore, to recognize these differences in culture it this globalised economy of todays in order to conduct business. Bibliography Lustig M. W. and Koester J. , 1999, Intercultural Competence: Interpersonal Communication Across Cultures, 3rd edn, Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. , New York Samovar L. A. and Porter R. E. , 2001, Communication Between Cultures, 4th edn, Wadsworth, Australia Trompenaars F. and Hampden-Turner C. , 1997, Riding the Waves of Culture: Understanding Cultural Diversity in Business, Nicolas Bradley, London. What is Culture Persuasive Essay Example For Students What is Culture? Persuasive Essay 1. Introduction Culture, the most essential part of every human being, has been handed down for generations on from our predecessors. It differs from nation to nation, state to state, people to people. Human behaviour can be accounted for by the difference in their culture. As such, for the globalised economy of today, it is crucial to understand the concept of culture for conducting business. This report will attempt to define the concept of culture, major disparities in it and the effect of it on the conduct of business. 2. What is Culture? Culture defines the way humans act. According to Geertz, (cited in Trompenaars F. Hampden-Turner C. , 1997) culture is the means by which humans have evolved their knowledge of life and have sought guidance for their actions. As stated by Trompenaars Hampden-Turner, culture can be divided into three distinct layers: the outer layer, the middle layer and the core. The outer layer consists of explicit products. It is the tangible items, such as food, buildings, houses, shrines, markets, and the intangible ones, like the language, preference, fashion, taste, of a culture (Trompenaars F. Hampden-Turner C. We will write a custom essay on What is Culture? Persuasive specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now , 1997). The middle layer consists of customs and ethics that determine human action. Trompenaars Hampden-Turner refer to this layer consisting of norms, which is the reciprocal sense of a group of people that enables them to decide between right and wrong, and values, which relates to the principles shared by a group concerning what is good and what is bad. The core is the origin of peoples culture that has defined the way humans act. Trompenaars Hampden-Turner defines it as the effect on human perspective due to the physical environment a person was brought up in. These form the basic assumptions of life and may include why we exist and why we do what we do. 3. The Concept of Individualism and Collectivism In order to understand the effects of culture on the conduct of business we need to look at the cultural variations among different people. Cultural differences can be explained by looking at Hofstedes (cited in Samovar and Koester, 1999) two dimensions of culture the individualist and the collectivist. 3. 1. Individualism According to Samovar and Porter, in individualistic culture individual is the most important unit in any social setting, independence rather than dependence is stressed, individual achievement is rewarded. According to Hofstedes finding, the United States, Australia, Great Britain, Canada and New Zealand incline to be individualism and Goleman states that, people in individualism cultures prioritize personal goals more than groups goals. 3. 2. Collectivism Collectivist cultures are somewhat opposite of individualistic cultures, they tend to be more close with others people around them. According to Samovar and Porter, people in collectivist cultures greater emphasis on the views, goals and needs of others rather than oneself. They tend to rely on a group for decision-making and prefer to be a part of the same association. Example of some collectivistic cultures is Pakistan, Colombia, Taiwan, Venezuela and Peru. 4. Effect of culture on the business context With the business becoming globalized, the effect of culture on business has become widespread. Will see how the effects of collectivistic and individualistic culture on business. 4. 1. Business contract The meaning of a contract may vary with variations in culture. According to Lustig and Koester (1999) individualistic cultures may find a contract legally binding if not completed as stated whereas in places like China, where they are more collectivistic in nature, a contract is regarded as binding only if the conditions of the contract remain same, it is more like a formality and outline 4. 2. Business deal The effects of culture can be clearly seen in business negotiation with individualistic cultures being more straight forward than there counterparts. .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4 , .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4 .postImageUrl , .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4 , .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4:hover , .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4:visited , .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4:active { border:0!important; } .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4:active , .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4 .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u33979678fc2f9eea9564d35aa9469bd4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Legalize Marijuana EssayLustig and Koester points out that individualistic culture have a tendency of getting down to business rather than socialize and form ties like the collectivistic cultures. In Africa, China and other collectivistic cultures friendship is valued more than business and a frustworthy relationship is formed. However, it has been seen that Germans, Scandavians and French, all individualistic cultures fend more to set out the deal and conclude the business first. 4. 3. Gender Expectation In most of Collectivism countries, even the men and women are the same, but the women are still considered below men. Thus, it is rarely found that there are women who are leaders. But it seems that this condition is slowly vanished. Megawati Soekarno Putri, the President of Indonesia and Sadako Ogata from Japan is one of the proofs that this culture is slowly replaced (Lustig and Koester, 1999). On the other hand, gender is not a big issue in the individualism countries where women have the same position as men. In America, England, Australia women is common to be a leader. 5. Conclusion In conclusion, the effects on the business context is evident with differences in culture. It is important therefore, to recognize these differences in culture it this globalised economy of todays in order to conduct business. Bibliography Lustig M. W. and Koester J. , 1999, Intercultural Competence: Interpersonal Communication Across Cultures, 3rd edn, Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. , New York Samovar L. A. and Porter R. E. , 2001, Communication Between Cultures, 4th edn, Wadsworth, Australia Trompenaars F. and Hampden-Turner C. , 1997, Riding the Waves of Culture: Understanding Cultural Diversity in Business, Nicolas Bradley, London.

How to Find the Symbol of an Ion

How to Find the Symbol of an Ion This worked chemistry problem demonstrates how to determine the symbol for the ion when given the number of protons and electrons. Problem: Give the symbol of an ion that has 10 e- and 7 p. Solution: The notation e- refers to electrons and p refers to protons. The number of protons is an elements atomic number. Use the periodic table to find the element with an atomic number of 7. This element is nitrogen, which has the symbol N. The problem states that there are more electrons than protons, so we know the ion has a negative net charge. Determine the net charge by looking at the difference in the number of protons and electrons: 10 - 7 3 more electrons than protons, or a 3- charge. Answer: N3- Conventions for Writing Ions When writing the symbol for an ion, the one or two letter element symbol is written first, followed by a superscript. The superscript has the number of charges on the ion followed by a (for positive ions or cations) or - (for negative ions or anions). Neutral atoms have a charge of zero, so no superscript is given. If the charge is /- one, the 1 is omitted. So, for example, the charge on a chlorine ion would be written as Cl-, not Cl1-. General Guidelines for Finding Ions When the numbers of protons and electrons are given, its easy to figure out the ionic charge. More often, you wont be given this information. You can use the periodic table to predict many ions. The first group (alkali metals) usually have a 1 charge; the second group (alkaline earths) usually have a 2 charge; halogens usually have a -1 charge; and noble gases typically dont form ions. The metals form a wide variety of ions, usually with a positive charge.

GM foods-where do we cross the line Discuss Essay

GM foods-where do we cross the line Discuss - Essay Example Farmers are involved for making better quality foods which are pest resistant and more nutritious. It can be produced with lesser gestation period and taste better than the natural produce. Traits of different plants are used to produce a better and richer quality of food. "Thirteen countries grew genetically-engineered crops commercially in 2000, and of these, the U.S. produced the majority. In 2000, 68% of all GM crops were grown by U.S. farmers. In comparison, Argentina, Canada and China produced only 23%, 7% and 1%, respectively. Other countries that grew commercial GM crops in 2000 are Australia, Bulgaria, France, Germany, Mexico, Romania, South Africa, Spain, and Uruguay. Soybeans and corn are the top two most widely grown crops (82% of all GM crops harvested in 2000), with cotton, rapeseed (or canola) and potatoes trailing behind. 74% of these GM crops were modified for herbicide tolerance, 19% were modified for insect pest resistance, and 7% were modified for both herbicide tolerance and pest tolerance. Globally, acreage of GM crops has increased 25-fold in just 5 years, from approximately 4.3 million acres in 1996 to 109 million acres in 2000 - almost twice the area of the United Kingdom. Approximately 99 million acres were devoted to GM crops in the U.S. and Argentina alone. In the U.In the U.S., approximately 54% of all soybeans cultivated in 2000 were genetically-modified, up from 42% in 1998 and only 7% in 1996. In 2000, genetically-modified cotton varieties accounted for 61% of the total cotton crop, up from 42% in 1998, and 15% in 1996. GM corn and also experienced a similar but less dramatic increase. Corn production increased to 25% of all corn grown in 2000, about the same as 1998 (26%), but up from 1.5% in 1996. As anticipated, pesticide and herbicide use on these GM varieties was slashed and, for the most part, yields were increased." (Whitman, 2000) According to Aigner, genetically modified plants are unwanted by both consumers and farmers. The minister for the environment, Sigmar Gabriel, has suggested that Germany follow the example of "countries like France that have imposed a unilateral ban on GM maize cultivation". Furthermore, Gabriel recommended that national policy be reviewed before the start of spring planting. According to a report in GMO Compass (2009), despite the several debates and bans, the cultivation of genetically modified plants continues to increase worldwide. In 2008, GM crops rose by a figure of 9.4 per cent to occupy 125 million hectares. GM plants are employed in 25 countries, of which Bolivia, Burkina Faso and Egypt are the newest. For soybean, the area occupied by GM varieties expanded to 65.8 mil. hectares (2007: 58.6), maize to 37.3 (35.2), cotton to 15.5 (15.0), and rapeseed to 5.9 (5.0). GM varieties represent 72 per cent of the global production of soybean and 47 per cent of cotton. These figures are taken from the yearly report by the agro-biotechnology agency ISAAA (International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-Biotech Applications) on the cultivation of GM plants. The report was published on 11 February in Nairobi (Kenya). Genetically Modified Crops Across the World An "estimate says that there are almost 30000 different products on grocery store shelves are "modified." That's largely because many processed foods contain soy. Half of North